LONDON — In a strategic effort to address severe prison overcrowding in the United Kingdom, Justice Secretary Shabana Mahmood recently visited Texas, where she explored solutions aligned with current practices in American correctional facilities.

Mahmood’s visit to Estelle Supermax Penitentiary in Huntsville was informed by discussions with inmates and prison personnel about their experiences, and was accompanied by David Gauke, a former Justice Secretary tasked with devising reforms for the UK prison system.

On Thursday, Gauke released a review advocating for the adoption of an early release policy based on good conduct, a model currently in place in Texas and prevalent throughout the United States.

This approach would allow inmates to earn reduced sentences and parole eligibility by demonstrating good behavior and participating in rehabilitative programs.

The UK government has indicated its intention to implement most of Gauke’s recommendations as part of a broader initiative aimed at reducing the prison population, which has reached critical levels.

Last year, over 16,000 inmates were granted early release in an emergency measure to mitigate overcrowding.

Despite plans for new prison construction, Gauke's review asserts that current initiatives still fall short of addressing the escalating demand for incarceration.

Gauke attributed the current prison crisis to historical political narratives that have emphasized punitive measures, resulting in longer sentences and increased incarceration rates without corresponding growth in prison capacity.

He underscored the unsustainability of this approach, noting that the number of repeat offenders returning to prison has also risen significantly.

During a session in Parliament, Mahmood emphasized her desire for the UK to mirror Texas's effective strategies, presenting evidence that such policies have contributed to crime reduction and better control of prison populations.

The Texas Department of Criminal Justice operates a structured program that rewards inmates with potential early release opportunities based on their behavior and participation in educational or vocational training.

According to Gauke’s review, it is anticipated that most inmates in the proposed “earned progression model” would be eligible for release after serving a third of their sentences, followed by supervised reintegration into society.

Current forecasts indicate the prison system in England and Wales could face capacity exceeding 100,000 inmates by March 2029, while the operational capacity remains below 85,000.

The urgent nature of prison overcrowding has necessitated immediate reforms, with Gauke noting that current conditions create dangerous environments for both staff and inmates, contributing to higher rates of recidivism.

The government has agreed to pursue measures to reduce the prison population by approximately 9,800, surpassing the original target of 9,500.

In addition to the earned progression model, Gauke’s recommendations include expanding alternatives to imprisonment, such as increased use of electronic monitoring for non-violent offenders.

However, several organizations representing prison staff and probation officers have expressed concerns about the practicality of these proposals.

They cited insufficient resources and training necessary to support the implementation of a good conduct program.

The review has drawn criticism from some political factions.

Conservative justice spokesperson Robert Jenrick condemned the recommendations as overly lenient and potentially harmful to public safety.

Meanwhile, the government has simultaneously announced plans to expand a chemical castration program for sex offenders, extending a pilot initiative to more regions and facilities despite evidence of uncertain effectiveness in achieving long-term reductions in sexual offenses.

Overall, the introduction of a good conduct time system in the UK would mark a significant shift in the approach to criminal justice and prison management, paralleling a trend observed in several states across the United States where similar policies have been adopted.