The International Court of Justice (ICJ), the United Nations' principal judicial organ, is set to begin significant hearings next week at The Hague.

These hearings will address the legal obligations of countries in combating climate change and the repercussions of their contributions to global warming.

Although ICJ advisory opinions are non-binding, they hold substantial legal and political weight, and are expected to be frequently referenced in climate-related lawsuits internationally.

The hearings come on the heels of dissatisfaction expressed by developing nations regarding the recent COP29 summit agreement, which allocated $300 billion annually by 2035 as climate finance to assist poorer countries.

Countries heavily impacted by climate change, like Vanuatu in the Pacific, are advocating for the cessation of fossil fuel usage and greater financial support.

Vanuatu, among 98 countries and 12 international organizations presenting arguments to the ICJ, is expected to highlight the severe effects of climate change it faces, including more intense storms and rising sea levels.

Developed and major emitting countries, including the United States and China, are also participating.

The United Nations General Assembly tasked the ICJ in 2023 to provide an advisory opinion on the legal duties of states in climate protection, and the potential liability of major emitters for damages to vulnerable nations.

These hearings, running from Monday to December 13, might provide a pivotal turning point for climate litigation worldwide, with the court's opinion anticipated in 2025.