The European Commission is under pressure from MEPs and activists to address mounting evidence of human rights violations against migrants and refugees in Tunisia.

Despite millions of euros given to Tunisia to curb migration under a deal that promises 'respect for human rights,' a Guardian investigation uncovered widespread abuses by EU-funded security forces.

Allegations include sexual violence, robbery, and abandonment of women and children in the desert.

Civil society organizations in both Tunisia and Europe are working to defend migrants' rights.

German MEP Erik Marquardt called for an assessment of the EU's efforts against criminal gangs involved in people-smuggling, suggesting collusion with local authorities.

Meanwhile, British barrister Rodney Dixon KC is leading a submission to the International Criminal Court for crimes against humanity committed against sub-Saharan migrants.

Tunisia's authorities have denied the allegations, while the EU plans to contract independent experts to monitor the situation.